This work may not be copied, distributed, displayed, published, reproduced, transmitted, modified, posted, sold, licensed, or used for commercial purposes. By downloading this file, you are agreeing to the publisher’s Terms & Conditions.

Original Research

A 3-Month, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Neuroleptic Discontinuation Study in 100 People With Dementia: The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Median Cutoff Is a Predictor of Clinical Outcome

Clive G. Ballard, MRCPsych, MD; Alan Thomas, MRCPsych., MD; Jane Fossey, PhD; Lesley Lee, RMN; Robin Jacoby, MD, FRCPsych.; Marisa M. Lana, MRCPsych; Carol Bannister, MRCPsych; Rupert McShane, MD, MRCPsych.; Alan Swann, MRCPsych.; Ed Juszczak, PhD; and John T. O'Brien, MRCPsych, DM

Published: January 1, 2004

Article Abstract

Background: Although few placebo-controlled neuroleptic discontinuation studies have been conducted in people with dementia, such studies are essential to inform key clinical decisions.

Method: A 3-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, neuroleptic discontinuation study (June 2000 to June 2002) was completed in 100 care-facility residents with probable or possible Alzheimer’s disease (according to National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria) who had no severe behavioral disturbances and had been taking neuroleptics for longer than 3 months. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was used to measure changes in behavioral and psychiatric symptoms. Quality of life was evaluated using Dementia Care Mapping.

Results: Eighty-two patients completed the
1-month assessment (36 placebo, 46 active). The number of participants withdrawing overall (N = 14 [30%] placebo, N = 14 [26%] active treatment) and because of exacerbation of behavioral symptoms (N = 6 [13%] placebo, N = 5 [9%] active treatment) was similar in the neuroleptic- and placebo-treated patients. As hypothesized, patients with baseline NPI scores at or below the median (<= 14) had a particularly good outcome, with a significantly greater reduction of agitation in the patients receiving
placebo (Mann-Whitney U test, z = 2.4, p = .018), while patients with higher baseline NPI scores were significantly more likely to develop marked behavioral problems if discontinued from neuroleptics (chi2 = 6.8, p = .009). There was no overall difference in the change of quality of life parameters between groups.

Discussion: A standardized evaluation with an instrument such as the NPI may be a clinical indicator of which people with dementia are likely to benefit from discontinuation of neuroleptic treatment.

Volume: 65

Quick Links: Dementia , Neurologic and Neurocognitive

Continue Reading…

Subscribe to read the entire article

$40.00

Buy this Article as a PDF

References